How to weld carbon steel pipe?
To weld carbon steel pipe, first prepare the pipe by cleaning and beveling the edges, then join the pieces with tack welds. Next, use an appropriate welding process such as MIG, TIG, or stick welding to lay the root pass, ensuring a consistent bead by controlling travel speed and heat. Follow this with fill and cap passes, blending the beads to create a smooth, strong weld.
1. Preparation
Clean the pipe: Thoroughly clean the inside and outside of the pipe where the weld will be made. This removes contaminants that can compromise the weld's quality.
Bevel the edges: Cut the edges of the pipe at a consistent angle, typically a 35° bevel for thicker pipes.
Fit the pieces: Ensure a proper fit-up with the correct gap, usually around 1/8 to 3/32 inches, and a small land if the pipe wall is thin.
Tack weld: Secure the pieces in place by making small tack welds around the circumference of the pipe. Tacking helps prevent the pipe from shifting during welding.
2. Welding the passes
Choose a welding process: MIG welding is often a good choice due to its versatility and low-hydrogen nature, but TIG and stick welding are also commonly used.
Perform the root pass: This is the first layer of the weld.
Use techniques like "walking the cup" for TIG welding to create a consistent bead, as shown in this YouTube video.
If using stick welding, use a stitch or whip technique to control the puddle, especially on uphill welds.







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